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1 progeny selection
1) Сельское хозяйство: отбор в потомстве2) Иммунология: отбор по потомству -
2 progeny selection
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3 progeny selection
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4 selection
selection 1. отбор, селекция; 2. селекцияselection отборselection presure давление отбора, влияние отбора на концентрацию гена в данной популяцииadaptive selection приспособительный отборartificial selection искусственный отборartificial selection искусственный отборbud selection почковая селекцияcanalizing selection канализирующий отборcanalizing selection канализирующий отбор, отбор, приводящий к созданию систем развития, более независимых от внешних условийcentrifugal selection центробежная селекцияcentripetal selection центростремительная селекцияclone selection клоновый отборcombined selection комбинированная селекцияcomparative selection сравнительная селекцияcumulative selection накапливающий отбор, накапливающая селекцияcyclical selection повторная селекцияcyclical selection циклическая селекцияdarwinian selection естественный отборdestructive selection разрушающий отборdirectional selection направленный отбор, направленная селекцияdisruptive selection дезруптивный отбор, разрушающий отбор, раскалывающий отборdynamic selection динамическая селекцияearly selection ранний отборenvironmental selection отбор под влиянием средыepigamic selection отбор по эпигамным признакам, общим для обоих половfamily selection семейная селекция, селекция по семьямfull-sib selection отбор по полным сибсамgamete selection гаметический отборgenetic selection генетический отборgenotypic selection отбор по генотипу, генотипическая селекцияgerminal selection зачатковый отборgroup selection групповой отборhalf-sib selection отбор по полусибсамindividual selection индивидуальный селекцияinterdeme selection отбор среди димовintergroup selection межгрупповой отборinterpopulation selection межпопуляционный отборinterspecific selection межвидовой отборintrademe selection отбор внутри димовintrapopulation selection внутрипопуляционный отбор, внутрипопуляционный селекцияintrasexual selection внутриполовой отбор, интрасексуальная селекция, селекция внутри одного полаintrasexual selection отбор конкурирующих особей одного и того же полаintrasomatic selection внутрисоматическая селекция, селекция отдельных клетокintraspecific selection внутривидовой отборline(ar) selection линейный отбор, линейная селекцияmass selection массовый отбор, массовая селекцияmass selection массовый отборmessenger selection биохим. выбор матрицыnatural selection естественный отборnatural selection естественный отборnormalizing selection нормализирующий отбор, нормализирующая селекцияone-way recurrent selection периодический односторонний отбор, селекция по линии только одного родителяone-way recurrent selection периодический односторонний отбор; отбор по линии только одного родителяorganic selection органический отборoriginal selection первоначальный отборpenicillin selection пенициллиновая селекцияperiodic selection периодический отбор, периодическая селекцияphenotypic selection отбор по фенотипуprogeny selection отбор по потомствуpure-breeding selection отбор чистых линийrandom selection случайный отборrecurrent reciprocal selection периодический реципрокный отбор, периодическая реципрокная селекцияrecurrent selection повторяющийся отбор; периодический отбор, периодическая селекцияrecurrent selection периодический отборsecondary selection вторичный отбор, вторичная селекцияseed selection отбор по семенамsexual selection половой отбор, половой подборsib selection клоновый отборstabilizing selection стабилизирующий отборstabilizing selection стабилизирующий отбор в результате которого выживают генотипы, наиболее приспособленные к резким воздействиям внешних условий); элиминация фенотиповEnglish-Russian dictionary of biology and biotechnology > selection
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5 selection
отбор, селекция- apostatic selection
- artificial selection
- bud selection
- canalizing selection
- centrifugal selection
- centripetal selection
- clone selection
- combined selection
- comparative selection
- cumulative selection
- density-dependent selection
- destructive selection
- directional selection
- disruptive selection
- dynamic selection
- early selection
- environmental selection
- epigamic selection
- family selection
- fluctuating selection
- frequence-dependent selection
- full-sib selection
- gamete selection
- genotypic selection
- germinal selection
- group selection
- half-sib selection
- HAT selection
- individual selection
- interdeme selection
- intergroup selection
- interline selection
- interpopulation selection
- interspecific selection
- intrademe selection
- intrapopulation selection
- intrasexual selection
- intrasomatic selection
- intraspecific selection
- kin selection
- line selection
- linear selection
- mass selection
- messenger selection
- natural selection
- normalizing selection
- one-way recurrent selection
- organic selection
- original selection
- penicillin selection
- periodic selection
- phenotypic selection
- postfusional selection
- progeny selection
- pure-breeding selection
- random selection
- recurrent reciprocal selection
- recurrent selection
- r-selection
- secondary selection
- seed selection
- sexual selection
- sib selection
- stabilizing selection* * *• селекция -
6 selection
1) выбор, отбор, подбор2) селекцияclone selection — отбор клонов, клональная селекция
determinant selection — селекция антигенных детерминант (напр. вируса)
directional selection — направленный отбор, направленная селекция
HAT selection — селекция ( путём выращивания) на среде с гипоксантин-аминоптерин-тимидином, ГАТ-селекция ( один из способов создания жизнеспособных гибридом)
immunogene selection — селекция детерминант с высоким иммуногенным потенциалом (напр. в процессе приготовления вакцины)
interspecific selection — межвидовой отбор, селекция видов
intraspecific selection — внутривидовой отбор, внутривидовая селекция
linear selection — линейный отбор, линейная селекция
lytic selection — селекция методом лизиса (отбор клеток с требуемым фенотипом путём разрушения остальных клеточных элементов смеси)
phenotypic selection — отбор по фенотипу, фенотипическая селекция
postfusional selection — гибридомная селекция, селекция гибридомных клонов
pure-breeding selection — отбор чистых линий, чистолинейная селекция
sib selection — отбор клонов, клональная селекция
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7 отбор по потомству
Русско-английский биологический словарь > отбор по потомству
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8 انتقاء إنسالي
progeny selection -
9 отбор по потомству
1) Agriculture: pedigree selection2) Immunology: progeny selectionУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > отбор по потомству
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10 отбор в потомстве
Agriculture: progeny selection -
11 Flax
The following terms as given under the authority of the Ministry of Supply, are reprinted here with their permission. Flax Plants - of the species Linum usitatissimum cultivated for the production of seed or fibre or both. Flax, Fibre (Fibre Flax) - The variety of flax cultivated mainly for fibre production. Flax, fibre strands, or bundles - The aggregates, about 32 in number, of ultimate fibres which run from the level of the seed leaves up to the top of the branches of the flax straw. They are each composed of large numbers of ultimate fibres overlapping each other. Flax Fibres, Ultimate - The component cellulose fibres, about 11/4-in. long by 1/1000-in. wide, making up the fibre system of the flax straw. Flax, Linseed - The variety of flax cultivated mainly for seed production. Flax Seed - The term usually applied to the seed of fibre flax. A bag of flax seed in Ireland is sometimes 31/2 bushels, but it is more usual now to put up seed in 1-cwt. bags as in England. A peck of flax seed weighs approximately 14-lb. Flax Seed, Blue Blossom - Seed of a blue-flowered variety of flax. Flax Seed, Commercial - Flax seed usually named after its country or place of origin, but without a pedigree and without guarantee as to colour of flower. Flax Seed Germination - That percentage by number of a sample of seed which shows visible signs of growth within a stated time when kept under standard conditions of temperature and moisture. Flax Seed Germination, Standard - An arbitrary standard of germination of 90 per cent or more, incorporated in the flax growers' contract of the Ministry of Supply. Flax Seed, Lital - The generic name given to pedigree flax seed of several strains bred by the Linen Industry Research Association, Lambeg, and derived from those initials. Flax Seed, Minty - Seed which has been attacked by species of mites, usually owing to it being cracked and too damp. It is characterised by a dusty appearance and a distinct musty sweet smell. Flax Seed, Mixed Blue Blossom - A term used in Northern Ireland for seed from two or more blue-blossomed pedigree flaxes mixed together. Flax Seed, Pedigree - Seed of a strain of flax which has been improved by some recognised system of flax breeding and originally derived from the bulking of the seed from a single flax plant. Flax Seed, Plimmed - A local term for seed which has swollen through excess of moisture. Flax Seed Purity - That percentage by weight of seed taken from bulk which consists of whole flax seeds. Flax Seed Purity, Standard - An arbitrary standard of purity of 96 per cent or more with a weed seed content of 0.25 per cent or less, incorporated in the flax growers' contract of the Ministry of Supply. Flax Seed, Sowing - Seed of a germination and, purity making it acceptable for sowing. Flax Seed, Stormont - The generic name given to pedigree flax seed produced by the Plant Breeding Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Northern Ireland. Flax Seed, Weight per 1,000 - The weight in grams of 1,000 flax seeds picked at random from a sample. It is used as a measure of the plumpness and general quality of seed. Flax Seed, White Blossom - Seed of a white-flowered variety of flax. Flax Variety, Cross breeding - A method of flax breeding, based on fertilising the seed of a single plant of one strain by the pollen of a single plant of another strain and the study of the progeny. Flax Variety, Single Plant Selection - A method of flax breeding based on the study of a single self-fertilised flax plant and its progeny in subsequent generations. Linseed - The seed of linseed flax: and also of fibre flax when it is used for the same purposes as linseed. Moisture Content - To conform with the International ruling for seed testing the moisture content of flax seed should be expressed as a percentage of the original weight; the moisture content of other flax products being expressed as a percentage of the dry weight. Nomersan - A proprietary powder for dusting on flax seed as a prevention of certain seed-bome fungal diseases. Pickle - The term often applied to a single flax seed, i.e., a sample of seed is said to he of a large pickle or a small pickle. Weed Seed - The seed of any other species of plant present in a sample of flax seed. -
12 Bakewell, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 23 May 1725 Loughborough, Englandd. 1 October 1795 Loughborough, England[br]English livestock breeder who pioneered the practice of progeny testing for selecting breeding stock; he is particularly associated with the development of the Improved Leicester breed of sheep.[br]Robert Bakewell was the son of the tenant farming the 500-acre (200 hectare) Dishley Grange Farm, near Loughborough, where he was born. The family was sufficiently wealthy to allow Robert to travel, which he began to do at an early age, exploring the farming methods of the West Country, Norfolk, Ireland and Holland. On taking over the farm he continued the development of the irrigation scheme begun by his father. Arthur Young visited the farm during his tour of east England in 1771. At that time it consisted of 440 acres (178 hectares), 110 acres (45 hectares) of which were arable, and carried a stock of 60 horses, 400 sheep and 150 other assorted beasts. Of the arable land, 30 acres (12 hectares) were under root crops, mainly turnips.Bakewell was not the first to pioneer selective breeding, but he was the first successfully to apply selection to both the efficiency with which an animal utilized its food, and its physical appearance. He always had a clear idea of the animal he wanted, travelled extensively to collect a range of animals possessing the characteristics he sought, and then bred from these towards his goal. He was aware of the dangers of inbreeding, but would often use it to gain the qualities he wanted. His early experiments were with Longhorn cattle, which he developed as a meat rather than a draught animal, but his most famous achievement was the development of the Improved Leicester breed of sheep. He set out to produce an animal that would put on the most meat in the least time and with the least feeding. As his base he chose the Old Leicester, but there is still doubt as to which other breeds he may have introduced to produce the desired results. The Improved Leicester was smaller than its ancestor, with poorer wool quality but with greatly improved meat-production capacity.Bakewell let out his sires to other farms and was therefore able to study their development under differing conditions. However, he made stringent rules for those who hired these animals, requiring the exclusive use of his rams on the farms concerned and requiring particular dietary conditions to be met. To achieve this control he established the Dishley Society in 1783. Although his policies led to accusations of closed access to his stock, they enabled him to keep a close control of all offspring. He thereby pioneered the process now recognized as "progeny testing".Bakewell's fame and that of his farm spread throughout the country and overseas. He engaged in an extensive correspondence and acted as host to all of influence in British and overseas agriculture, but it would appear that he was an over-generous host, since he is known to have been in financial difficulties in about 1789. He was saved from bankruptcy by a public subscription raised to allow him to continue with his breeding experiments; this experience may well have been the reason why he was such a staunch advocate of State funding of agricultural research.[br]Further ReadingWilliam Houseman, 1894, biography, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society. 1–31. H.C.Parsons, 1957, Robert Bakewell (contains a more detailed account).R.Trow Smith, 1957, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.—A History of British Livestock Husbandry 1700 to 1900 (places Bakewell within the context of overall developments).M.L.Ryder, 1983, Sheep and Man, Duckworth (a scientifically detailed account which deals with Bakewell within the context of its particular subject).AP
См. также в других словарях:
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K-selection — /ˈkeɪ səlɛkʃən/ (say kay suhlekshuhn) noun a form of natural selection in ecological conditions that are stable, constant and predictable, where rapid population growth is unimportant and progeny is characterised by slow development, long life,… …
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